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Author:
Anna Frank, Equipment Selection Expert
Anna Frank, Equipment Selection Expert
Scrubber in the chemical industry is a fundamental air purification system for industrial facilities. Their primary function is the capture of dangerous impurities—including sulfur compounds and ammonia—from process exhaust streams. This is achieved by passing the gas through a reactive liquid or solid medium, where pollutants are captured via chemical absorption.
BOREAS Chemical Wet Scrubber
Which Enterprises Use Them
The deployment of wet scrubbers is widespread and critical. They are essential not only in large-scale operations like petrochemical, agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and silicate production but also in the manufacture of household chemicals and within analytical laboratory environments (R&D/QA). In every case, their core function remains the effective removal of numerous pollutant types: alkalis, ammonia, amines, halogens (e.g., chlorine), hydrogen sulfide, aldehydes (like formaldehyde), phenols, hydrogen cyanide, as well as dust, acid mists, and odors. This equipment is most effective for air streams with impurity concentrations ranging from 250 to 10,000 mg/m³.
Selecting a Ventilation Wet Scrubber for Chemical Tanks
Main Functions
At its core, the function of a scrubber in the chemical industry involves wet scrubbing to eliminate fumes, corrosive gases and particulates from an air stream. This process simultaneously cools and humidifies the air. Contaminants are neutralized by being absorbed into a specialized fluid reagent, either through dissolution or chemical reaction, for subsequent disposal or regeneration.
In a common counter-current design, air flows upward against a downward flow of scrubbing liquid, ensuring optimal contact. Pollutants are captured on high-surface-area packing, though unpacked systems also exist.
For highly soluble impurities, a cross-flow setup (gas introduced horizontally) lowers pressure drop but also reduces efficiency due to shorter contact time.
The engineering of a scrubber centers on meticulously calibrating the interplay of gas and liquid streams. An overly rapid gas flow can destabilize the liquid's contact pattern and cause a substantial drop in pressure. Meanwhile, maintaining an ideal liquid flow rate is indispensable for driving the highest possible rate of mass transfer and overall system effectiveness. This critical balance can be finely tuned by managing the rise of industry chemical scrubber.
In a common counter-current design, air flows upward against a downward flow of scrubbing liquid, ensuring optimal contact. Pollutants are captured on high-surface-area packing, though unpacked systems also exist.
For highly soluble impurities, a cross-flow setup (gas introduced horizontally) lowers pressure drop but also reduces efficiency due to shorter contact time.
The engineering of a scrubber centers on meticulously calibrating the interplay of gas and liquid streams. An overly rapid gas flow can destabilize the liquid's contact pattern and cause a substantial drop in pressure. Meanwhile, maintaining an ideal liquid flow rate is indispensable for driving the highest possible rate of mass transfer and overall system effectiveness. This critical balance can be finely tuned by managing the rise of industry chemical scrubber.
Types of Chemical Scrubbers
The cleaning system can utilize various scrubber configurations, including:
- Venturi units
- Packed-bed towers
- Spray towers
- Foam scrubbers
Comparative Table
Requirements for Chemical Scrubbers
Optimal Chemical Wet Scrubber Materials
Regulations determined not by a rigidly defined “mandatory design,” but by achieving emission standards and maintaining controllability of the cleaning process. For engineers, this means that the system can be designed in various ways, but it must consistently ensure that pollutant concentrations at the outlet remain below the established maximum permissible concentrations (MPC, emission limits) under all design operating conditions.
From an engineering perspective, a properly designed chemical scrubber should:
From an engineering perspective, a properly designed chemical scrubber should:
- Provide sufficient gas–liquid contact area and intensity (type of packing/plates, bed height, demister);
- Be constructed from materials resistant to the process environment (shell, nozzles, packing, and fittings suitable for acids, alkalis, solvents, etc.);
- Be equipped with integrated monitoring systems: measurement of ΔP, liquid phase flow, levels in the recirculation tank, pH/conductivity, gas and liquid temperatures;
- Allow for maintenance and inspection access (manways, packing cleaning, and the ability to take sections out of operation).
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We always perform precise calculations and offer expert assistance in selecting the optimal dust collection or gas cleaning systems, typically completing this process within 1 to 2 days
Head of Engineering,
Vladimir Nikulin
Vladimir Nikulin
CALCULATION AND SELECTION
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